Role: Technical ArchitectSC or DV ClearanceHybrid work modelOUTSIDE IR35
Job Requirements
Spec:

• • end-to-end technical leadership, architecture, and delivery oversight of Network Detection & Response (NDR) and Extended Detection & Response (XDR) solutions using Darktrace and Microsoft Defender
• • secure, scalable, and successful implementation of advanced detection technologies that enhance organisational threat visibility, improve incident response capability, and support a modern security operations function.
• • close collaboration with cybersecurity, infrastructure, networking, SOC analysts, service owners, and senior stakeholders to align technical designs with security strategy, operating models, and business needs.
• • definition of the target architecture for Darktrace NDR and Microsoft Defender XDR across on-premises, hybrid, and cloud environments.
• • creation of high-level and low-level solution designs, ensuring alignment with enterprise architecture standards, secure by design principles, and regulatory requirements.
• • development of data ingestion, telemetry, and integration patterns between Darktrace, Defender, SIEM/SOAR tools, and existing security stacks.
• • production of architecture decision records, design patterns, and technical documentation for long-term maintainability.
• • Leading technical delivery workstreams, providing direction and assurance across engineering teams.
• • Oversee deployment and configuration of Darktrace sensors, appliances, and monitoring coverage across networks, data centres, and cloud estates.
• • Guide onboarding, configuration, and tuning of Microsoft Defender XDR (Endpoint, Identity, Email, Cloud Apps, Server, and Threat Intelligence modules).
• • Ensure correct enablement of telemetry, behavioural analytics, detection logic, and baselining across both platforms.
• • Coordinate testing, validation, and acceptance of detection capabilities, including simulation of realistic attack techniques.
• • Integrate Darktrace and Defender outputs into SIEM, SOAR, and ticketing systems.
• • Work with SOC and automation teams to design playbooks, response workflows, and escalation paths.
• • Ensure centralised logging, enrichment, and context tagging of Darktrace and Defender telemetry to support investigations.
• • Establish architectural guardrails, configuration baselines, and security standards.
• • Perform technical reviews, risk assessments, and compliance checks throughout the delivery lifecycle.
• • Provide expert guidance on product best practice, platform limitations, and future roadmap opportunities.
• • Act as the primary technical authority for Darktrace and Defender XDR programmes.
• • Support programme planning, capacity forecasting, licensing strategy, and cost modelling.
• • Ensure an effective handover to operational teams, including documentation, training, dashboards, and runbooks.
• • Support the SOC in maturing their use of Darktrace and Defender for real-time detection, triage, and investigation.
• • Proven experience leading security technology projects at enterprise scale.
• • Strong understanding of network architecture, identity systems, cloud security, endpoint security, and behavioural analytics.
• • Experience with SIEM/SOAR integration, telemetry pipelines, and incident response workflows.
• • Ability to design and articulate secure, resilient, and operationally viable solutions.

IMSERV is one of the UKs leading data collection and energy metering experts, delivering award winning services to more customers in more places, meeting industry targets and becoming a benchmark for excellence. We offer a range of specialist metering technology for electricity, gas, and water along with highly accurate energy data collection services. All this is wrapped up with an easy-to-view online data management analysis and reporting software.

PURPOSE OF THE ROLE:

This role is responsible for managing analytics delivery, overseeing report request workflows, translating business needs into actionable data requirements and leading agile sprint execution for analytics initiatives. This role partners closely with business stakeholders and technical teams to ensure high-quality, timely and scalable analytics solutions.

MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES:

• Act as the primary point of contact for DevOps-related initiatives and escalations.
• Drive best practices for CI/CD, monitoring, and operational excellence.
• Input to and manage the analytics and reporting request intake process.
• Evaluate, prioritize, and engage with key stakeholders to plan delivery of reporting requests based on business value and capacity.
• Track delivery progress and communicate timelines, risks, and dependencies.
• Refine report requests into well-defined metrics, KPIs, and data requirements, with clear acceptance criteria.
• Document report logic, data sources, assumptions, and validation rules.
• Work with SMEs to identify data gaps, quality issues, and integration needs early in the project lifecycle.
• Lead sprint planning, backlog refinement, and sprint reviews for analytics work.
• Define and monitor sprint execution, resolve blockers, and ensure on-time delivery

PERSON SPECIFICATION:

• Strong experience in data analytics, reporting, or business intelligence.
• Hands-on experience with SQL and analytics or BI tools (e.g., Tableau, Power BI, Looker) is desirable.
• Experience with cloud data platforms or data warehouses.
• Familiarity with data governance and data quality frameworks.
• Experience working in agile or scrum-based environments.
• Understanding of KPIs, metrics design, and data modelling concepts.
• Excellent stakeholder communication and requirement-gathering skills.
• Ability to establish and clearly define development requirements based on business requests.

COMPANY BENEFITS:

• 28 days annual leave plus Bank Holidays
• Annual leave Buy & Sell scheme
• Enhanced Salary Sacrifice Pension Contributions
• Life Assurance up to 6 X Base Salary*
• Simply health Healthcare plan (Upgrades available)
• Car Salary Sacrifice Scheme*

(*Length of service & T&Cs apply)

Our people are our main asset. We strive to ensure they remain happy, competitive, and fulfilled - helping to propel our business forward and ensure we remain customer-centric and competitive. We are proud to remain the UKs leading and growing energy data collection and meter operations service provider.

Diversity and inclusion have long been at the heart of IMSERVs success. As we continue our growth, our focus remains on ensuring that equality, diversity, and inclusion remain central to our business and recruitment practices. We recognise that we operate in an industry in which there has traditionally been a lack of diversity, and we are keen to encourage applications from as inclusive a group as possible. We recognise that a balanced workforce encourages collaboration and innovation, promotes entrepreneurship and a feeling of ownership.

These are the key drivers of our business, that our customers really look to us for.

(Please note that we reserve the right to close this position before the expiry date

Manpower is currently looking for a Microbiology Manager to work with our global FMCG client, renowned for brands such as Magnum, Carte d’Or, Cornetto, Walls, and become an integral part of their fast-paced FMCG environment.
The position is based at our client’s Research & Development facility, at Colworth Science Park, in Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire (MK44), accessible by car. It also houses our client’s global centre of excellence in safety and sustainability sciences.
This is a full-time temporary role, Maternity Cover for 12 months requiring 36.25 hours per week, Monday to Friday. Compensation for this role is competitive, paying up to £52,000 per annum, pro rata, depending upon experience.

The role currently offers a mix of remote and onsite working, subject to adjustment based on business requirements.

ABOUT THE COMPANY: Life Tastes Better with Ice Cream
The Magnum Ice Cream Company (TMICC) is the largest global Ice Cream Company in the world, with over 100 years of experience delivering a diverse range of indulgent, yet responsible, craft food experiences and treats delighting consumers. Committed to innovation, quality, and sustainability we have 35 brands, including 3 one billion Euro brands (Magnum, Wall’s, Ben & Jerry’s), loved in 76 countries, generating annual revenue of over $8 billion. With 19,000 experts in ice cream globally, all brands are driven to transform moments into memories through indulgent yet responsibly made and marketed products. We have a well-developed strategy to deliver growth and value creation which is clear on where to play and how to win.

We turn the ordinary into the extraordinary by designing unique and innovative Ice Cream experiences that make life taste better, creating joyful experiences. In our Ice Cream business, we’re crafting the future through innovation and imaginative minds, creating unique products. We spark moments of happiness for people and within the communities where we operate. However, it is not as simple as it may seem. As Ice Cream makers we are serious about happiness. With warm hearts, we create the coolest products.
The role is based in Colworth Science Park (Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK), a site that has a strong track record of building and contributing to a number of brands including Lipton, Magnum, Cornetto, Ponds and Dove. It is the Global RD&I (Research, Design & Innovation) Centre for TMICC.

OUR TEAM:
Ensuring that The Magnum Ice Cream Company (TMICC) products are safe to consume is of paramount importance for the business. The Global Scientific Affairs function, which is part of RD&I, brings together Food Safety, Regulatory Affairs and Nutrition expertise to ensure that TMICC products are safe-by-design and compliant with relevant regulations & nutrition requirements. As well as protecting the business, the Scientific Affairs function is also key to unlocking innovations to enable business growth. One of such functions is the Global RD&I Microbiology team.
Global RD&I Microbiology is an agile team of enthusiastic world-class scientists who deliver business relevant microbiological solutions underpinning brand innovation programmes, based on scientific and technological capabilities across RD&I and Supply Chain (SC). The strength of the team lies in the integration of microbiological and processing knowledge for RD&I to develop safe/stable formulation & process designs to deliver winning products.

MAIN RESPONSIBILITIES:

• Act as microbiology first point of contact in the provision of microbiological expertise for R&D product developers, quality and supply chain support.
• Ensure end-to-end quality in microbiology science-based support, including (statistical) data analysis and visualization, interpretation & presentation, and reporting to relevant stakeholders.
• Lead microbiological risk assessments to establish the basis for microbiological safety & stability of new product and process designs.
• Identify and adapt new methodologies/process/procedures enabling continuous future fit microbiological data science.
• Stay up to date on novel insights and solutions in the area of food preservation systems (e.g. hurdle technology, natural antimicrobials, etc.).
• Line management and mentoring of microbiology team members.
• Provide technical expertise in the design of microbiological experiments for innovation support and ensure robustness of the data.
• Lead technical input for relevant good manufacturing documents and training materials to ensure maintenance of product & process design knowledge.

ALL ABOUT YOU:

• Ideally MSc or higher in relevant subject (e.g. Food Microbiology, Food Safety, Food Science & Technology - with focus on microbiology).
• Proven experience (>3 years) in applied/industry microbiology roles in the food sector, including leading projects and managing teams.
• Good influencing and communication skills (fluent English written and verbal); ability to convince and defend own agenda in front of internal and external stakeholders (e.g. R&D, Supply Chain, Quality, 3rd parties, co-packers).
• Ability to use technical judgment to lead team activities and program direction.
• Team player with flexible ‘we can’ attitude, yet, ability to work agile and independently.

Colworth Science Park working environment:

• 9 miles from Bedford
• 18 miles from M1
• Modern working environment in a beautiful, listed building
• Large green outdoor spaces
• Shuttle bus is provided from Bedfordshire area to Site.

Role: Tech lead - AWS Connect AILocation: Luton, UK (Hybrid 3days)Duration: 6+ Months
Roles and responsibilities:Design, develop, and implement automation solutions and AI-driven applications to optimise network control processes.Utilise AWS Bedrock, AWS Quicksuite, and AWS SageMaker, AWS Quicksuite and AWS Connect to build, deploy, and maintain scalable machine learning and automation pipelines.Collaborate with cross-functional teams, including operations, data science, and Product, to define requirements and deliver robust solutions.Monitor, troubleshoot, and enhance existing automation and AI systems to ensure high availability and performance.Stay abreast of new AWS features and emerging technologies in automation and AI, applying best practices to drive continuous improvement.
Supervisory / Managerial responsibilitiesBachelors degree in Computer Science, Engineering, or a related field, or equivalent practical experience.Proven experience in software engineering with a focus on automation and AI applications.Hands-on expertise with AWS Bedrock, AWS Quicksuite, and AWS SageMaker.Strong programming skills in Python, Java, or similar languages commonly used for AI and automation.Experience in designing and operationalising machine learning models in a production environment.Excellent problem-solving skills and the ability to work collaboratively in a fast-paced setting.Strong communication skills, with the ability to explain technical concepts to non-technical stakeholders.Familiarity with airline operations or network control systems.Knowledge of DevOps practices and infrastructure as code.Experience with cloud security and data governance.
Core skills:Devops/ Platform Team interaction modelsProduct-aligned Team StructuresSRE and platform engineering concepts

• Pay rate: Up to £200/night (outside IR35 Dependent on specific project scope)
• Location: UK-wide
• Working hours: Primarily night shifts

Join our growing dynamic team of ESEL installers!

Are you ready to launch a hands-on career working with the latest innovation in retail technology? TXP is offering an exciting opportunity to be trained on the installation of Electronic Shelf Labels (ESELs), joining a team installing these across Tier 1 retail stores nationwide. No experience? No problem - we’ll give you all the training you need to succeed!

If you enjoy fixing things, love working with your hands, and looking for a new challenge in 2026, this could be the perfect fit for you.

About the Role

As a retail installer/retail merchandiser, you’ll be supporting the rollout of Electronic Shelf Edge Labels (ESELs) across retail stores nationwide. This is an exciting opportunity to work on a cutting-edge retail technology project, ensuring installations are completed accurately and efficiently while delivering an excellent customer experience.

What you’ll be doing:

• Travel to retail sites across the UK to install ESEL systems.
• Follow detailed installation plans and scripts for precise setup.
• Conduct site surveys and verify installation accuracy.
• Maintain high standards of quality and compliance throughout the process.
• Represent the company professionally and provide outstanding customer service.

Training

We’ll fully support you from day one with hands-on experience, and on-the-job training, as well as providing supporting documentation for you to keep for future reference. We will also have an experienced Team Leader on site for extra training and support if needed.

What You’ll Need

We’re looking for people who are:

• Passionate about customer service
• Interested in hands-on problem-solving
• Hold a full UK driving licence, have a reliable vehicle and a willingness to travel
• Able to work night shifts and adapt to flexible schedules
• No previous experience is required - just a great attitude and a willingness to learn!

What’s In It for You?

Pay: Up to £200/night (outside IR35 subject to project scope) + travel allowance

Training: Full training and on-boarding provided

Consistent work: Flexible shifts available throughout 2026

Opportunity to work on a high-profile retail technology project.

Ready to Apply?

Apply today and be part of a team that’s transforming the retail experience across the UK!

World Class Defence Organisation is currently looking to recruit a FPGA / Digital Electronics Hardware Engineer subcontractor on an initial 12 month contract. The department are looking to recruit a number of contractors who have skills in FPGA, VHDL, Xilinx or Digital design. Rate: £80 per hour (Umbrella) Location: Your base site can be any of the following (depending on your preference) Edinburgh, Southampton, Luton, Newcastle, Basildon, Bristol, or Yeovil. FPGA / Digital Electronics Hardware Engineer Job Description: The Digital hardware engineer would be responsible for design, commissioning and test of high-speeddigital electronicshardware, i.e. Printed Circuit Assemblies (PCAs) on complex systemsfor airborne Radar products. The role will be based at our customers site in Edinburgh or Luton and may allow for hybrid working after an initial period of familiarisation onsite. Creating high-quality and robustdigital electronicsdesigns Documenting and recording deliverables Supporting integration &verificationactivities at hardware and system level Keeping designs under configuration control Providing progress reports Skills, Qualifications and Experience required: Essential Degree or equivalent inElectronicsEngineering or other STEM-based subject A minimum of 1 to 3 years experience of designing high-speeddigital electronicsusing the latest FPGA and / or microprocessor devices and high-speed interconnect technology Experience inschematic captureusing Mentor Graphics (Siemens EDA)DxDesigneror similar tools Experience of high-speed serial communication interfaces/ protocols (e.g. PCIe,Ethernet/ IEEE802.3, SPI, I2C, etc.) and high-speed bus architectures (e.g.DDR3/4) Use of high-speed digital design techniques such as signal termination,controlled impedance, matched lengthtracking, ground/ power planes, decoupling, etc. Functional simulation & timing analysis / constraints at circuit level Experience of PCB layout, working closely with and providingguidanceto PCB layout engineers on high-speed digital designs Hands on experience of integrating hardware, firmware & software on FPGA and microprocessor-based PCAs Ability to coordinate day-to-daytechnicalactivities,liaisingclosely with the lead engineer / digital hardware lead & other engineering disciplines Experience ofliaisingwith Manufacturing / Production colleagues and external suppliers of key components and assemblies Good communication (oral & written) & interpersonal skills Experience ofdebugging& testing new hardware designs Previous experience of the fullhardware designlifecycle and presenting designs for peer and formal design reviews Self-motivated, with an aptitude for problem solving and driving difficult issues to conclusion Experience in writingtechnicalreports / documentation Desirable Relevant experience in the Aerospace/Defence industry or on other complex / high-reliability systems Ability to analysesystem requirementsand derive detailed hardware requirements Experience ofsignal integrity&power integrityanalysis (SI/PI) at board level Knowledge of FPGA / Software coding languages (VHDL, C,Assembler) Qualifications Honours or Masters degree inElectronicsEngineering or related STEM subject UK citizenship is mandatory to be able to clear the background checks and obtain SC clearance Current valid SC clearance would be an advantage Education Type Degree (BSc/ BEng/ MSc/ MEng) inElectronicsEngineering or equivalent TPBN1_UKTJ

Luton

Paying up to 80p/h (Umbrella)

Responsibilities:

• Artificial Intelligence, including machine learning and genetic algorithms
• Auto-generated code using model-driven engineering using MATLAB and Simulink tools
• Design tools such as Xilinx, TCL, Verilog, System Verilog and UVM
• Derivation of detailed Firmware requirements and architecture from system requirements
• A structured approach to firmware design (RTCA DO-254 or similar)

Experience required:

• FPGA architectures such as Xilinx 7. Xilinx UltraScale; Intel (Altera) or Microsemi (Actel).
• Fast interfaces such as PCIe, Ethernet, and JESD is also required.
• Cryptography and anti-tamper techniques
• Electronics test methods and equipment
• HNC/HND or Undergraduate Degree (Electronic Engineering, Computer Science, AI, Games Programming, Physics, or Applied Physics), or you may just have lots of skills and experience gained through your hard work.
• Due to the nature of our work, any candidate must have 5 years UK residency and be capable of achieving full SC security clearance.

Disclaimer:

This vacancy is being advertised by either Advanced Resource Managers Limited, Advanced Resource Managers IT Limited or Advanced Resource Managers Engineering Limited (“ARM”). ARM is a specialist talent acquisition and management consultancy. We provide technical contingency recruitment and a portfolio of more complex resource solutions. Our specialist recruitment divisions cover the entire technical arena, including some of the most economically and strategically important industries in the UK and the world today. We will never send your CV without your permission. Where the role is marked as Outside IR35 in the advertisement this is subject to receipt of a final Status Determination Statement from the end Client and may be subject to change.

NetSecOps Engineer required by my large client on a brand new project. Network Security Operations within a large-scale retail environment. The engineer will support and partner with the core Networks team to deliver a major Network Access Control (NAC) programme, alongside LAN migration activities across a complex, distributed estate. This role requires deep hands-on expertise in enterprise NAC, network security engineering, and operational readiness testing.

Key Responsibilities

• Lead technical delivery and operational readiness for a multi-phase NAC implementation across hundreds of retail and corporate sites.
• Collaborate closely with the Networks team to design, configure, test, and deploy NAC policies, authentication flows, segmentation models, and onboarding rules.
• Support large-scale LAN modernisation and migration activities, including site cutovers, switch refreshes, and security control uplift.
• Design, test, and validate operational processes, including access policy enforcement, device profiling, guest networks, and remediation workflows.
• Conduct end-to-end testing cycles (functional, failover, edge-case, and performance) ensuring stability and minimal business disruption.
• Create and maintain operational documentation, runbooks, topology diagrams, and troubleshooting guides.
• Support security governance, risk assessments, and operational KPIs related to network security controls.
• Act as a NetSecOps SME, advising on best practices for identity-based networking and zero-trust-aligned access models.

Required Skills & Experience

• Extensive experience in NetSecOps, Network Engineering, or Security Engineering within large enterprise environments (retail experience highly desirable).
• Hands-on expertise with NAC platforms (Fortinet, Aruba ClearPass, Forescout, or equivalent), including 802.1X, RADIUS, TACACS+, device profiling, posture assessment, and certificate-based authentication.
• Strong understanding of LAN/WAN networking technologies (switching, routing, VLANs, STP, DHCP, DNS, BGP/OSPF).
• Experience in large-scale LAN migration or refresh programmes.
• Proficiency in network security tooling: firewalls, segmentation, zero trust networking, identity-aware networking, microsegmentation.
• Familiarity with complex retail estates (distribution centres, stores, corporate offices) and operational constraints.

Contract Software Engineer (Ada) Real-Time Embedded

Location: Luton (Hybrid 4 days on-site)
Contract Length: 12 months
IR35: Inside IR35
Rate: £57.72 p/h PAYE (£66.11p/h inc. holiday rate) OR £78.70 p/h Umbrella

We seek an engineer with recent high-integrity or safety-critical industry experience (defence, aerospace, or similar), or eligible for UK security clearance.

The Opportunity

We re looking for an experienced real-time embedded Ada engineer to work on mission-critical defensive systems within a highly technical electronic warfare environment. This is a hands-on role developing, integrating, and testing high-integrity software that directly supports operational capability.

You ll be trusted with complex problems, work closely with systems, hardware, and firmware teams, and play a key role across the full software lifecycle.

What You ll Do

• Design, develop, debug, and test real-time embedded software in Ada
• Own complex work packages from requirements through integration and delivery
• Produce high-integrity, mission-critical software to defined engineering and quality standards
• Work collaboratively across disciplines while retaining autonomy and technical ownership
• Support current platforms and contribute to future capability development

What You Bring

• Expert-level Ada (including OO design principles)
• Strong experience debugging embedded real-time systems using a COTS RTOS
• Solid understanding of UML and structured design
• Deep knowledge of Verification & Validation techniques and when to apply them
• Experience with requirements engineering, integration, and target testing
• Comfortable working within a mature, governed development framework

Towcester - On-site
£Competitive + Holiday + Pension + Eligible for BPSS Clearance

This is an excellent opportunity for an Embedded Software Engineer with experience in Testing to join a global leader with more than 30 years of experience in aerospace & defence.

This company is a global leader in technical solutions for rugged computer systems with a reputation for innovation and quality. They are committed to providing customers with the best possible products and services and are looking for a talented individual to join the team.

In this varied role you will be a key member of the Test Systems Design team, developing and maintaining high-quality automated test solutions. Your work will span the entire product lifecycle from initial development and validation to supporting the Production Department on the manufacturing floor. You will be responsible for creating the software, firmware, and scripts that ensure products meet the highest standards of reliability.

The ideal candidate will bring a comprehensive background, combining strong C programming skills with an understanding of hardware/driver-level software. You will be experience in both Linux and DOS environments, alongside a proficiency in scripting languages like Python or Bash to automate complex tasks. Beyond software, you should have an understanding of JTAG technologies, boundary scan development, and network communication protocols over Ethernet, ensuring you can navigate the complexities of PCB validation and modern computer architectures. Lastly, any TestStand experience would be beneficial but is not required, and training will be provided if needed.

This is a fantastic opportunity for an Embedded Software Test Engineer to work on new product development and gain exposure to all aspects of design, testing, and validation. If you are looking for a role that offers both technical challenge and professional growth within a supportive environment, this is the position for you.

The Role:

Develop automated test sequences, software, and firmware.
Validate products from development through to manufacturing.
Support production teams with solution deployment and maintenance.
Document tasks and communicate status to key stakeholders.The Person:

Expertise in C programming and hardware-level driver software.
Knowledge of Linux, DOS, and Python/Bash scripting languages.
Familiarity with JTAG, boundary scan and Ethernet protocols.
Able to commute to Towcester 5 days a week
Reference Number: BBBH

Rise Technical Recruitment Ltd acts an employment agency for permanent roles and an employment business for temporary roles.

The salary advertised is the bracket available for this position. The actual salary paid will be dependent on your level of experience, qualifications and skill set and will be decided by our client, the employer. Rise are not responsible or liable for any hiring decisions made by the end client.

We are an equal opportunities company and welcome applications from all suitable candidates

Here at Hays we are partnering with a leading specialist Government Agency in Milton Keynes to appoint a highly experienced Lead Security Architect.
Role: Lead Security Architect
Location : Milton Keynes - 5 days on-site (You must be able to get to site location)
Duration: 6 months
Rate: 630.00 per day (inside IR35) UMBRELLA

You will be the lead for all IT Security requirements in relation to the design, delivery and ongoing maintenance of IT services. These will include:

• Advise and contribute to the ongoing low-level design and build process of the IT
  Platforms, and the deployment of customer workloads
• Create/own Tier 2 policies & procedures and drive forward implementation & culture change across multiple teams.
• Engage with other secure platforms and environments to align security policies and procedures.
• Act as a key technical interface with the Security Operations Centre and assist with the investigation and resolution of security incidents.

This position is subject to SC level security clearance, existing clearance is not a key requirement, but you must be eligible to obtain this type of security clearance.

What you need to do now

If you’re interested in this role, click ‘apply now’ to forward an up-to-date copy of your CV, or call us now.
If this job isn’t quite right for you, but you are looking for a new position, please contact us for a confidential discussion about your career.

Hays Specialist Recruitment Limited acts as an employment agency for permanent recruitment and employment business for the supply of temporary workers. By applying for this job you accept the T&C’s, Privacy Policy and Disclaimers which can be found at (url removed)